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ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD and are believed to boost and balance levels of brain chemicals. They do not cure the disorder and only help manage symptoms if they are they are taken regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include a change in heart rate and blood pressure, upset stomach anxiety and tics. Recommended Web page and children who are taking stimulant medication have a slight decrease in their growth. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate is a central nervous system stimulant and is the most frequently used drug for treating ADHD. It comes in a variety of forms, including chewable tablets with liquid and an oral disintegrating tablet that acts long and has an extended release. The drug boosts the levels of dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain. This improves concentration. It can also lessen the symptoms of anxiety and depression. Methylphenidate is an effective treatment for ADHD when combined with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate works by blocking the transporters that remove these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug could cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. Patients with diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication since it can cause rapid increases in blood sugar. Speak to your doctor when you have any of these symptoms. Methylphenidate may also cause Raynaud’s phenomenon, which causes numbness of the fingers and feet. This is a rare side effect, however, it is crucial to inform your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There is a concern that methylphenidate slows the growth of children, but this has not been proved to be the case. If your child is taking methylphenidate, ensure that you be aware of their weight and height. If your child takes tablets containing methylphenidate and phenylalanine is present, it could pose a risk to children with Phenylketonuria. If you have PKU, consult your physician about other methylphenidate formulations. Some people have difficulty with stimulants which are the primary treatment for ADHD. In these instances, doctors might prescribe a different medication that functions in a similar manner. In addition to methylphenidate, there are other stimulants like dexamfetamine and the lisdexamfetamine. These substances can last longer and are more potent than methylphenidate. They are usually taken every day, either twice or three times However, some people might be able take them more frequently. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD, but they are less likely to prove beneficial than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as Strattera and is a nonstimulant ADHD drug that increases concentration, while decreasing hyperactivity and impulsiveness. It belongs to a class known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It is a drug that increases levels of dopamine and norepinephrine, two chemical messengers which regulate brain's activity. It is a favorite among people of all ages who need an alternative to stimulants such as Adderall or Vyvanse. It is important to realize that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly. It could take up to six weeks before the effects of this drug begin to show. Additionally, you could suffer from side effects like diminished appetite, drowsiness and stomach upset. However, the benefits of atomoxetine far outweigh the risks for a majority of patients. In a double-blind placebo controlled study that was conducted on 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18, the effectiveness of atomoxetine was verified. Participants were randomly assigned to receive the daily dose of atomoxetine 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo over 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine and placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine treatment group had greater improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group. The improvement was modest. In a second open study, 10 ADHD patients who did not respond to stimulants received an atomoxetine treatment over 8 weeks. The group treated with atomoxetine showed improvement in ADHD symptoms compared to placebo group, with scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version and Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale increasing significantly. However, one patient developed an allergic reaction and was removed from the study. Additionally, three patients experienced gastrointestinal issues that were transient and one patient reported fatigue that was more severe (Kratochvil and co., 2005). Talk to your doctor prior to you start treatment with atomoxetine regarding your health history, including any medications or supplements you are taking. This includes herbal remedies and over-the-counter medications. It is crucial to inform your doctor if you have narrow-angle glaucoma, a thyroid tumor or adrenal gland tumor or high blood pressure, heart disease, or a history of sudden death. You should avoid atomoxetine as well in the event that you've taken an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid and linezolid in the last 14 days or rasagiline, Methylene Blue Injection, phenelzine, or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant medication that can aid in reducing symptoms of ADHD. It can also reduce the amount of impulsivity and improve focus. However, it does not affect the brain the same way that stimulants do. It's available by prescription only. Your doctor will determine the best dosage for you. Bupropion comes in tablets and capsules. It is essential to follow the directions. There are withdrawal symptoms that can occur when you stop abruptly. It's typically taken two or three times daily with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dose can vary between 100mg and three times a day to 150mg four or three times each day. The drug is taken up by the digestive system and excreted into urine. It isn't able to penetrate breast milk. However, it could enter the bloodstream and affect other organs. Bupropion can raise blood pressure, which is why it's vital to monitor it regularly. In addition to improving the symptoms of ADHD, bupropion can also reduce depression. It is also a treatment for bipolar disorder. It is accomplished by blocking dopamine receptors within your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from reaching your brain. This helps to stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other drugs. Tell your doctor if taking any other medication. It is important to inform your doctor know if you have any allergies. Avoid caffeine and other stimulants as they can make the side effects worse. Several studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults suffering from ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of them were poorly conducted. Additionally, many excluded participants with psychiatric comorbidity. The results suggest that bupropion has an impact on ADHD. More research is needed to determine the positive effects for patients, including the improvement in their quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is crucial to have a better understanding of the molecular forms of ADHD. This includes a better understanding of the relationship between the different molecular pathways. It is also crucial to know how anti-ADHD drugs work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants are often prescribed by doctors when stimulants prescribed for children suffering from ADHD are not effective or cause side negative effects. These drugs, which include imipramine and nortriptyline (Aventyl, Pamelor), are effective in boosting the neurotransmitters dopamine and norepinephrine in the brain to help people focus. These are old drugs which can cause serious adverse effects, so they're usually only used when other drugs have failed. The first option of antidepressants for depression is usually a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram and escitalopram. However, tricyclic antidepressants which have been around for a long time, can be utilized in certain instances. They are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains but their antidepressant action is not the same. They enhance the noradrenephrine receptor, by preventing its reuptake. They also act as descending moderators for pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs are less toxic and have fewer side effects than tricyclic antidepressants. Additionally, they're safe in the womb and don't appear to be teratogenic in humans or animals. But they can have significant withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. To lessen the negative side effects, your doctor may suggest reducing the dose gradually over a period of several weeks. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as a medication for adhd bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant that is off-label for ADHD. It is believed to be effective by increasing neurotransmitters like norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which improves concentration. It also helps reduce anxiety and stress. It can be paired with stimulants to produce quicker and lasting results. There are no FDA-approved nonstimulant ADHD medications, however many people have found relief through herbal remedies and supplements to their diets. A diet low on fat and sugar can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Certain people can benefit by avoiding caffeine. Discuss with your doctor any medicines you or your child is taking such as herbal remedies and prescription medications. This will minimize unwanted side effects and prevent interactions. ADHD medications can affect every person differently, and it's often an exercise of trial and error to discover the appropriate dosage and medication for your child or you.